(5 mins) Transcript. Dr Greger's summary: "Vegetables such as beets and arugula can improve athletic performance by improving oxygen delivery and utilization. But, what about for those who really need it — such as those with emphysema, high blood pressure, and peripheral artery disease?"

(5 mins) Transcript. Dr Greger's summary: "Plant-based diets appear to protect against renal cell carcinoma both directly and indirectly."

A large part of this video is about plant nitrates.

(3 mins) Transcript. Dr Greger's summary: "The reason greens are associated with a significantly longer lifespan may be because, like caloric restriction, they improve our energy efficiency."

(4 mins) Transcript. Dr Greger's summary: "The potassium content in greens is one of two ways they can improve artery function within minutes of consumption."

(5 mins) Transcript. Dr Greger's summary: "Cocoa and nitrite-rich vegetables, such as green leafies and beets, are put to the test for cognitive function."

(4 mins) Transcript. Dr Greger's summary: "What is the optimal timing and dose of nitrate-containing vegetables, such as beets and spinach, for improving athletic performance?"

This video refers to Table 1 in this research paper which lists "units" of nitrates found in leafy greens and other veggies. Dr Greger suggests a target of 8 "units" of nitrates daily.

(4 mins) Transcript. Dr Greger's summary: "What is the latest science on the performance-enhancing qualities of nitrate-rich vegetables?"

(6 mins) Transcript. Dr Greger's summary: "What are the pros and cons of fennel fruits as a cheap, easy-to-find, light-weight, nonperishable source of nitrates?"